What is a 'sinking fund'?

A sinking fund is a financial strategy utilized by bond issuers to ensure that they have enough capital available to repay bondholders at the bond's maturity. By setting aside money in this fund, the issuer systematically accumulates resources over time, making it easier to manage large repayments without straining their finances at maturity. This practice enhances the creditworthiness of the issuer and provides investors with greater confidence in the security of their investment, as it reduces the risk of default.

In contrast, the other options refer to different financial mechanisms not connected to the practice of issuing bonds. For example, fixed annual contributions to retirement plans are related to personal finance and long-term savings goals, while accounts for daily business expenses and emergency funds serve specific operational and financial safety needs rather than addressing debt repayment for bond obligations.